Effects of pre-medication with acepromazine/midazolam/ dexmedetomidine and butorphanol on induction dose of propofol and incidence of apnoea during induction in canines

The objective of the study was to evaluate effect ACE, MID, DEX (IM) and (IV) with butorphanol on quality induction, induction dose propofol incidence apnoea during anaesthesia in client-owned dogs. Animals were randomly divided into four groups. After pre-medication atropine sulphate, animals administered ACE @ 0.05 mg/kg b.wt IV group A, MID 0.5 B, 15 μg/kg IM C D along 0.2 b. wt. I/V. All induced maintained isoflurane till end closing last skin suture. Adequate sedation depth analgesia observed all this made handling proper safe before induction. Significantly lower needed for grous as compared groups A B. Incidence temporary B 10%, whereas 30%, but they managed by assisted ventilation smoothly without complication. It found that ACE/MID/DEX has dose-sparing provides adequate canines. Chances may be more pre-medication, can any